This study aims to analyze the internal and external factors that cause difficulties in learning mathematics, particularly in solving word problems among fifth grade students at SD IT Bunayya Pekanbaru. This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that the internal factors influencing students’ mathematics learning difficulties include lack of interest in learning, low motivation, limited cognitive abilities such as difficulties in understanding the context of word problems, confusion in selecting appropriate arithmetic operations, and weak calculation skills. Meanwhile, the external factors consist of the lack of parental support in assisting students’ learning and teaching methods that are not yet fully varied. The solutions implemented include the use of more varied and contextual teaching methods, increasing learning motivation through guidance and rewards, regular practice in solving word problems, as well as collaboration between teachers and parents in supporting the learning process. This study is expected to contribute to teachers and schools in designing more effective learning strategies to overcome mathematics learning difficulties among elementary school students.