This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Computer-Based National Assessment (CBNA) at Muhammadiyah Mlati Senior High School using a descriptive qualitative approach through SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis. This approach was chosen because it provides a comprehensive overview of the school’s internal and external conditions in implementing the CBNA. Research data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving the principal, vice principal for curriculum, teachers, and administrative staff to obtain information regarding the school’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The analysis focused on three main aspects: input, process, and output. The results of the Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) and External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS) show that Muhammadiyah Mlati Senior High School is positioned in the SO (Strengths–Opportunities) quadrant across all aspects, indicating that strengths and opportunities are more dominant than weaknesses and threats. The input aspect reflects the availability of adequate facilities, human resources, and financial support; the process aspect highlights the teachers’ high qualifications and commitment to instructional innovation; while the output aspect demonstrates active alumni involvement and improvement in students’ academic achievement. Based on these findings, it is recommended that an aggressive strategy be applied by utilizing internal strengths to seize external opportunities. The SWOT analysis proves to provide a strategic foundation for enhancing the quality of CBNA implementation and overall educational performance at Muhammadiyah Mlati Senior High School