This study aims to analyze legal protection for non-ASN teachers in the State Civil Apparatus structuring policy through a sociological perspective of law. The structuring of honorary workers based on Law Number 20 of 2023 concerning the State Civil Apparatus is intended to create a professional bureaucratic system. However, its implementation still creates social problems in the form of uncertain employment status, low welfare, and weak legal protection for non-ASN teachers. This study uses a normative legal research method with a sociological legal approach that positions law as a social instrument that must be able to respond to community needs. The analysis is conducted through legislation, scientific literature, and developing social phenomena. The results of the study indicate a gap between legal norms and social reality (law on books and law in action). The state has not been fully able to provide substantive justice for non-ASN teachers who have been the mainstay of national education, especially in regions experiencing a shortage of teaching staff. Therefore, a more responsive legal policy is needed through accelerating the appointment of PPPK, equitable distribution of teachers, synchronization of central and regional government data, and increasing legal protection oriented towards social justice.